Power electronics plays an increasingly important role in power systems and transportation applications, which has led to a significant demand for high-fidelity digital tools for designing, validating, and maintaining power electronics throughout their life cycles. Real-time simulation is an efficient and effective tool for fulfilling these tasks and is widely accepted by power electronics practitioners. However, real-time simulation of power electronic converters is challenging due to conflicts between very short computing times (down to the nanosecond level) and the complex models resulting from the nonlinearities and topologies of power electronic converters.This presentation aims to provide a systematic introduction to real-time simulation technology for modern power electronics, including mathematical modeling approaches, numerical solvers, real-time implementations, and application examples. The presentation will begin with a general introduction to real-time simulation of power electronics, followed by a focus on modeling power electronics converters, including device and network modeling. The numerical solver for power electronics converters and their real-time simulation using FPGA will then be presented with examples. Finally, the presentation will discuss trends and outlooks in power electronic real-time simulation.